Built in 1786, the Khandoba Temple stands as a testament to the rich spiritual and historical tapestry of Baroda. Commissioned by Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad, brother of Maharaja Sayajirao I, the temple has since been expanded by subsequent Gaekwad rulers to form the grand precinct we see today. The temple is dedicated to Lord Khandoba and Mahalsa Devi, revered as the family deity of the Gaekwads.
A Dream and Discovery
The origins of the temple are intertwined with a fascinating story. According to local lore, the idol of Lord Khandoba was discovered in the now silted Khanderao Lake. It is said that Yesubai, a devotee, dreamt of the lake concealing the idol. Acting on this vision, Maharaja Sayajirao II ordered a search of the lake, which eventually led to the idol’s recovery. This discovery led to the construction of the temple to honor and house the deity.
Temple Layout and Architecture
The Khandoba Temple is set within an expansive courtyard, accessible through a grand gateway. As visitors enter, they are greeted by the impressive “Deepmala” (lamp tower). The main temple, though modest in size compared to other temples, features a small yet significant “garbha griha” (sanctum sanctorum) preceded by a semi-open “sabha mandap” (assembly hall). The interior dome of the mandap is adorned with exquisite paintings depicting scenes from the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and the “Samudra Manthana” (churning of the ocean), adding a rich visual element to the sacred space.
Dharamshalas and Historical Significance
Surrounding the courtyard are double-storeyed structures known as “Dharamshalas,” originally built as lodgings for the “Gosavis.” Maharaja Khanderao Gaekwad commissioned these at a cost of Rs. 64,579. The Gosavis were not only ascetics but also served as covert messengers for the State during wartime, their ascetic appearance making them unlikely suspects.
Festive Celebrations
One of the temple’s highlights is the annual “Champa Shasthi” festival, which draws substantial crowds. This festival celebrates the marriage of Lord Khandoba to Devi Mahalsa. The temple transforms into a vibrant sea of yellow, with turmeric powder and turmeric-coated dried coconut being ceremoniously thrown around. Devotees chant “yalkot, yalkot, Jai Malhar” (Victory to Malhar/Khandoba) amidst this colorful celebration. A small procession in a palki (palanquin) also adds to the festivity, circling around before returning to the temple.
Enduring Legacy
For over two centuries, the Khandoba Temple has remained a focal point of devotion and tradition for both the royal family and the people of Baroda. Its continued significance is evident from the enthusiastic participation in the Champa Shashthi celebration, reflecting the deep-seated reverence and cultural importance of this historic temple.
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