Born on July 3, 1897, in Surat, Hansa Mehta was the daughter of Manubhai Mehta, the Dewan of Baroda State. Her educational journey began at Baroda College (now The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda), where she graduated in Philosophy. She furthered her studies in Journalism and Sociology in England. Upon returning to India, she played a significant role in social reform and political activism.
Political and Social Activism
Hansa Mehta was a prominent figure in the Indian freedom movement. She served as the President of the Bhagini Samaj and was actively involved in the campaign against the Simon Commission, leading to her imprisonment on two occasions. Her activism also brought her into close contact with notable leaders such as Sarojini Naidu and Rajkumari Amrit Kaur. In 1924, she married Dr. Jivraj Mehta, who later became Gujarat’s first Chief Minister. Under Mahatma Gandhi’s guidance, she organized picketing of shops selling foreign goods and liquor, and was imprisoned again in 1930 and 1932 for her efforts.
Legislative and Academic Contributions
Hansa Mehta made history as the first woman elected to the Bombay Legislative Council in 1931. Her contributions to education were equally notable; she served as Vice-Chancellor of The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda from 1949 to 1958. Her work extended to the international stage when she became a member of the UNESCO Executive Board in 1958.
Literary and Scholarly Achievements
An avid lover of literature, Hansa Mehta wrote 20 books and translated several works into Gujarati, including plays by Shakespeare and parts of Valmiki’s Ramayana. Her research focused on the issues faced by women and children, reflecting her deep commitment to social issues.
Recognition and Legacy
In recognition of her contributions, Hansa Mehta was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1958/59. She passed away at the age of 98 on April 4, 1995, in Bombay (now Mumbai). Hansa Mehta’s legacy as a pioneering educator, social reformer, and literary figure continues to inspire future generations.
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