After establishing control over the territory, the British set up a cantonment in Baroda, located in the area now known as Fatehgunj. Over the years, this cantonment has been fragmented, with major portions now occupied by the Indian Army and an EME Headquarters, while the remaining area has been divided into housing settlements and commercial complexes.
Originally, the cantonment spanned nearly 5 square kilometers and housed Baroda’s first and only postal station until 1863. It was home to a regiment of Native Infantry from the Indian Army and included several notable facilities. Among these were a church, consecrated by Bishop Herber in 1825, a charitable dispensary, a vernacular school, a school for European children, and a separate cemetery. Recreational amenities reportedly included a badminton court and a swimming pool.
During this period, the Residency was located within city limits, housed in a bungalow now known as Sayaji Bhawan (Residency). Prior to this, the Residency had been situated in the Kothi area (Anandpura).
In memory of British resident Mr. Williams, Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad II erected a column made of Songadh Stone within the cantonment.
Today, the cantonment is primarily home to the Indian Army, featuring the EME Temple, renowned for its unique architectural style.
Cantonments serve as military or police quarters, often functioning as permanent residential installations or barracks.
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