The Baroda State Library, also known as the Jaisinhrao Library, stands as one of the most beautiful and serene buildings amidst the bustling Old Kothi Compound, surrounded by government structures. Established as a precursor to the Library Movement in India by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, this library holds a special place in the history of Baroda.
A New Home for an Old Library
Founded in 1877, the library originally resided in the Vernacular Science College. Designed to serve as a public library filled with daily newspapers, periodicals, and books in various indigenous languages, it soon became clear that a dedicated building was necessary to accommodate its growing collection and audience.
The Architectural Marvel
The library building we admire today was designed by Major Charles Mant in the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture, completed in 1882. While it reflects the spirit of its surroundings, it remains unique in its charm and structure.
This double-storeyed, simple rectangular building features a tower-like section that houses a staircase, prominently placed on one side of its front facade. Both floors are graced with a continuously running veranda, enhancing the library’s accessibility and aesthetic. The upper floor veranda showcases wooden elements, while the ground floor boasts a series of pointed arches that create an inviting atmosphere.
Access to the library is gained through a central porch that leads to the arched veranda, which in turn opens into the main building. The porch is elegantly decorated with intricately carved stone pillars and topped with a parapet wall adorned with beautiful stone finials.
Craftsmanship and Design Details
An extensive use of wood can be seen in the construction, particularly in the staircase, doors, and windows. The large windows not only illuminate the interior but also feature colored glass that adds to the building’s old-world charm. Stone “chajjas” supported by stone brackets protect the windows and doors, while the transoms are beautifully adorned with wooden “jalis.”
The building’s facade showcases exposed brickwork embellished with bands of ceramic tiles. Except for the porch and staircase tower, the structure features a sloping roof, which adds to its architectural appeal. In the top-floor veranda, wooden posts support a separate, lower sloping roof, creating a narrow slit that allows fresh air to circulate through louvered windows. The eaves of these roofs are highlighted with exquisite wooden boards, emphasizing the building’s geometric design.
A Living Legacy, Yet a Quiet Space
While the Jaisinhrao Library continues to serve the community for which it was originally built, it is disheartening to see that in the modern era, many have forgotten this treasure of knowledge. The library often stands mostly empty, with books waiting patiently for eager readers. Though a few individuals can be found perusing newspapers and editorials, much of the time the library remains quiet, longing for the lively discussions and activities that once filled its rooms.
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